Multi Tier Application Architecture Questions

Designing application architectures organized into presentation, application, and data tiers to achieve scalability, maintainability, and security. Coverage includes tier responsibilities such as web and edge delivery, application services and API layers, and data storage and persistence; patterns for load balancing, horizontal scaling, session management, and caching strategies between tiers; considerations for stateful versus stateless services, database scaling and partitioning, deployment models on cloud platforms using managed and unmanaged services, security controls and network segmentation between tiers, and trade offs between monolith and microservice decompositions.