Lightweight and Specialized Cryptography Questions

Design and selection of cryptographic primitives and protocols for constrained or specialized environments such as internet of things devices and embedded hardware. Topics include lightweight block and stream ciphers, authenticated encryption schemes optimized for low memory and energy, protocol design for intermittent connectivity, hardware implementation trade offs, secure boot and firmware update patterns, key management for constrained devices, balancing security with resource limitations, and industry standards and recommendations for lightweight cryptography. Candidates should be able to reason about threat models and practical deployment patterns unique to constrained devices.