Design Fundamentals and Principles Questions

Core knowledge of visual and interaction design principles and how they guide product decisions. Candidates should be able to explain user centered design concepts such as visual hierarchy, layout, spacing, typography, color usage, and grid systems, and how those choices affect clarity and scannability. Include fundamentals of interaction design such as affordances, feedback, state and transition design, and micro interactions. Cover information architecture ideas including navigation, content hierarchy, and user flows and how wireframes express these structures. Discuss accessibility and inclusive design practices including contrast, legibility, semantic structure, keyboard and screen reader considerations, and how to design for diverse user needs. Explain how to evaluate designs using heuristics, usability testing, and simple metrics, and when to choose low fidelity versus high fidelity artifacts. For junior candidates, emphasize awareness and practical application of these principles with examples rather than deep domain expertise.