Kubernetes Storage and Persistence Questions

Covers the Kubernetes storage model and how to manage persistent state for applications running on Kubernetes. Topics include ephemeral volumes versus persistent volumes, persistent volume claims, storage classes, dynamic and static provisioning, container storage interface drivers, volume access modes and volume modes, reclaim policies, and topology aware provisioning. Candidates should know how to provision storage for stateful workloads such as databases and message queues, manage data persistence across pod restarts, and handle resizing, mounting options, and file system considerations. Also includes cloud and network storage options such as local node volumes, cloud provider block storage like Amazon Elastic Block Store or Google Persistent Disk, network file systems, and specialized storage backends. Assessment should cover backup and restore strategies, snapshots, disaster recovery planning, data migration, consistency and replication approaches, operator based solutions for stateful services, security considerations such as encryption and access control, and common troubleshooting and performance tuning techniques for Kubernetes storage.