Multi Cloud and Cloud Agnostic Infrastructure Questions

Designing infrastructure to run across multiple cloud providers or to minimize provider lock in. Topics include evaluating when portability is required, abstraction and portability layers, tradeoffs between using managed platform services and portable open source solutions, differences in networking identity and storage semantics, unified observability and deployment practices across providers, cost and operational overhead tradeoffs, and testing and validation strategies for multi cloud deployments. Candidates should be able to describe concrete portability approaches and scenarios where multi cloud is justified or where single cloud with escape hatches is preferable.