Reliability Culture and Process Improvement Questions

from collections import defaultdict
import heapq

def simulate_oncall(engineers, num_weeks, start_week=1):
    """
    engineers: list of dicts: {'name':str, 'max_weeks_per_quarter':int, 'blackouts': [int,...]}
    num_weeks: total weeks to schedule
    start_week: week index for blackouts (default 1)
    Returns: list of (week_number, engineer_name)
    """
    # state
    assigned_count = {e['name']: 0 for e in engineers}
    max_allow = {e['name']: e['max_weeks_per_quarter'] for e in engineers}
    blackouts = {e['name']: set(e.get('blackouts', [])) for e in engineers}
    names = [e['name'] for e in engineers]

    schedule = []
    for w in range(start_week, start_week + num_weeks):
        # build candidate heap: (assigned_count, name)
        heap = []
        for n in names:
            if w in blackouts[n]:
                continue
            if assigned_count[n] >= max_allow[n]:
                continue
            heapq.heappush(heap, (assigned_count[n], n))
        if not heap:
            raise ValueError(f"No available engineers for week {w}; constraints unsatisfiable.")
        # choose least-assigned (tie broken by name)
        cnt, pick = heapq.heappop(heap)
        assigned_count[pick] += 1
        schedule.append((w, pick))
    return schedule

# Sample usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    engineers = [
        {'name':'Alice','max_weeks_per_quarter':5,'blackouts':[2,3]},
        {'name':'Bob','max_weeks_per_quarter':6,'blackouts':[5]},
        {'name':'Carol','max_weeks_per_quarter':5,'blackouts':[]},
    ]
    out = simulate_oncall(engineers, num_weeks=10, start_week=1)
    for week, eng in out:
        print(f"Week {week}: {eng}")