Infrastructure Architecture and Design Questions

This topic assesses the candidate's ability to design scalable reliable and maintainable infrastructure systems. Expect questions on architecture principles such as modularity separation of concerns and fault isolation, deciding when to scale horizontally versus vertically, redundancy and high availability patterns, disaster recovery and continuity planning, load distribution and traffic shaping strategies, capacity and cost forecasting, security and network segmentation, and how monitoring and observability are integrated into design. Candidates should justify design trade offs with reasoning about failure modes operational burden and total cost of ownership.